Deciding to stop drinking is a big deal for many people in their lives, particularly those that have been drinking regularly and/or heavily for long periods of time. It’s a step towards a healthier and happier life and can be completely transformative.
However, while it’s important for anyone to give up alcohol that is struggling with addiction, the first step, alcohol withdrawal, can also pose its risks and challenges.
The alcohol withdrawal process is a necessity but it can have its dangers too, so it’s incredibly important to be aware of all the risks and what may happen. So, to help you out, we’ve pulled together this handy guide which will talk you through what you need to know about withdrawal…
Why Alcohol Withdrawal Happens
Alcohol affects the brain’s chemistry by depressing the central nervous system. Over time, the body adapts to this constant presence, producing more stimulating chemicals to balance out alcohol’s sedative effects.
When alcohol intake stops suddenly, this delicate balance is disrupted. The brain becomes overactive as it tries to adjust, leading to symptoms such as shaking, anxiety, sweating, and, in severe cases, seizures.
This reaction is known as Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome, and its severity can vary depending on how long and how heavily a person has been drinking. The more dependent the body has become, the more intense the withdrawal symptoms are likely to be.
Common Symptoms of Alcohol Withdrawal
Symptoms usually begin within six to twelve hours after the last drink, though this can vary. Early signs may feel similar to a hangover but are far more persistent and distressing. Common symptoms include:
- Tremors or shaking hands
- Sweating and rapid heartbeat
- Nausea or vomiting
- Headache
- Anxiety, restlessness, or irritability
- Insomnia or vivid nightmares
In more severe cases, symptoms can progress within 24 to 72 hours to include:
- Confusion or disorientation
- Hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren’t there)
- Seizures
- Delirium tremens; a medical emergency characterised by severe confusion, fever, high blood pressure, and extreme agitation
Delerium tremens can be fatal if left untreated, with complications such as cardiac arrest, dehydration, or organ failure.
Why Withdrawal Should Be Medically Supervised
Because of these risks, anyone dependent on alcohol should never attempt to detox alone. Medical supervision is essential, particularly if withdrawal symptoms have occurred before or if drinking has been long-term and heavy.
A supervised alcohol detox, often provided in hospital or through a specialist rehabilitation service, ensures that withdrawal is managed safely. Medical professionals can monitor vital signs, provide hydration, and administer medication to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.
In some cases, a doctor may prescribe benzodiazepines, which help calm the nervous system and reduce the risk of seizures. Vitamins, especially thiamine (vitamin B1), are also important to prevent conditions like Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, a serious brain disorder associated with chronic alcohol misuse.
Supervised detox not only protects your physical health but also provides emotional support and structure during a challenging process.
The Importance of Gradual, Supported Recovery
Detoxification is just the first step in recovery. Once the body is free from alcohol, the emotional and psychological work begins. Cravings, mood swings, and anxiety can persist for weeks or months after physical withdrawal has ended.
Structured recovery programmes, including counselling, therapy, and support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or SMART Recovery, help individuals understand the root causes of their drinking and develop healthier coping mechanisms.
Attempting to quit without support often leads to relapse, as the underlying emotional triggers remain unaddressed. Long-term recovery requires ongoing commitment, self-compassion, and professional guidance.
When to Seek Immediate Help
If you or someone you know is showing signs of severe withdrawal, such as confusion, hallucinations, seizures, or very high temperature, seek emergency medical help immediately by calling 999 or visiting A&E.
Even milder symptoms should be discussed with a GP or healthcare provider before stopping drinking. There is no shame in asking for help; doing so could save your life.
